ZIA SUN SYMBOL

New Mexico’s distinctive insignia is the Zia Sun, which originated with the Indians of Zia Pueblo in ancient times. Its design reflects their tribal philosophy, with its wealth of pantheistic spiritualism teaching the basic harmony of all things in the universe.

Four is the sacred number of the Zia, and the figure is composed of a circle from which four points radiate. These points made up of four straight lines of varying length personify the number most often used by the giver of all good gifts.

To the Zia Indians the sacred number is embodied in the earth with its four main directions, in the year, with its four seasons; in the day, with sunrise, noon, evening and night; in life, with its four divisions: childhood, youth, manhood and old age. Everything is bound together in a circle of life and love, without beginning and without end.

The Zia believe, too, that in this great brotherhood of all things, man has four sacred obligations: he must develop a strong body, a clear mind, a pure spirit, and a devotion to the welfare of his people.

Guided by this historic background, the State Flag of New Mexico was wisely chosen, with the ancient Zia Sun in red on a field of Spanish yellow. The Zia’s proportions are fixed by legislative act, with four groups of rays set at right angles, the two inner rays one fifth longer than the outer rays. The diameter of the inner circle in the center is one third of the width of the symbol.